We’re thinking about our health more than ever, but there comes a point when anxiety about health in itself can become a problem
CREDIT: This is an edited version of an article that originally appeared on Happiful
Over the past couple of years the topic of health has become front and centre in our minds. As the pandemic spread so, of course, did our fear. This is natural – there are very few of us who can be unfazed by a virus of this scale. As awareness and media coverage increased, more of us began worrying about our health. What does this headache mean? Is that a new continuous cough, or is it an allergy? Does that chest pain mean something, or is it anxiety?
Wearing a mask, regular handwashing, testing ourselves and checking symptoms have all become part of our routine; moving around our day-to-day lives with a sense of low-level anxiety feels almost normal now. So, at what point does this natural worrying instinct become something more problematic?
Health anxiety is what I’m alluding to here, a term more of us are becoming familiar with. Previously known as ‘hypochondria’, this form of anxiety is when we are persistently worried about our health, to the point where it interferes with day-to-day life – and this is the distinction we should be aware of. Psychotherapist Michael Swift tells us it is completely normal for us to worry about our health, and Google the odd symptom here and there. “The signs that this worry is becoming increasingly difficult to manage is when thoughts, emotions, behaviours, or physical sensations interrupt day-to-day life, and stop you from doing what you want to do,” he explains.
“Many of the people I work with often feel unable to go to work, spend time with their children, or enjoy social gatherings due to the fear of developing a severe health condition. For others, they may be spending an excessive amount of time Googling their symptoms, or visiting their GPs, to rule out the possibility of illness. When we see this transition from manageable worry to intense anxiety that interrupts your normal routine, it may be time to seek some further support.”
For Maddie Ace, content creator at She Be Red, a family holiday that saw her entire family fall ill triggered the start of her health anxiety. “I remember just automatically going into protector mode when those around me didn’t seem able to handle the situation, and that feeling never went away.” This led to obsessive and compulsive behaviours, that eventually resulted in a breakdown.
“I don’t think I was super-conscious of it until it vehemently started to take control of my everyday behaviour,” Maddie says. “Sometimes the gradual build-up of subconscious behaviours makes it difficult to recognise you have a problem until you’re already in the thick of everything that’s changed. About two years after the triggering event I had a breakdown after there was a national outbreak of the norovirus. There was too much for me to control and, at that point, my nervous system just collapsed.
“After a couple of weeks at home, I remember looking at my university applications and realising I wasn’t going to be able to live the life I had dreamed of. So, I walked into the living room and simply said, ‘I think I need help’ to my mum.”
Maddie remembers that getting the right support wasn’t simple, and required her to go down the private route after NHS support didn’t work out. “But the dream of going to university pushed me to keep going. The first thing you try might not be what you need for your own healing, so keep going until you find what does.”
Know the signs
If you think you may have health anxiety, knowing the signs can help you know when to reach out for support. “Health anxiety presents itself in different ways,” psychotherapist Michael says. “However, there are a range of common symptoms including:
• Constantly thinking or worrying about your health. • Frequently checking for bodily changes, including lumps, bruises, moles, or areas of pain. • Seeking reassurance from medical professionals, friends or family that you are not ill; • Worries that medical professionals have ‘missed’ a life-threatening illness or symptom; • Avoiding medical-related shows or news articles; • Obsessively reading forums online, or Googling health-related symptoms.”
If these symptoms are ringing true for you, you are certainly not alone – Michael says that health anxiety affects around four-to-five per cent of the population; understanding how to move forward with this knowledge is key. “I would always recommend speaking with your GP, as they will be able to support your treatment process by guiding you towards resources, talking therapies, or commencing medication if needed,” Michael says.
“There is also a fantastic range of self-help tools available online for managing health anxiety that will guide you through relaxation techniques, and help you to manage negative thoughts when they arise.”
In terms of what therapies can support you, Michael says that, for those experiencing severe health anxiety, speaking to a trained cognitive behavioural therapist who is familiar with this area is recommended. “Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based talking therapy that allows you to explore the interactions between your thoughts, emotions, behaviours and physical sensations. It works by breaking the cycles which maintain health anxiety, and allowing you to challenge the negative thinking patterns you have developed.”
Michael points out that the aim of CBT is not to completely stop you worrying about your health, but rather to enable you to weigh up the evidence for and against your thoughts, so you can reach a more balanced outcome and a less anxious life.
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