Epigenetics is the study of how gene activity and expression are influenced by reversible, heritable modifications that do not alter the underlying DNA sequence, often shaped by environmental and lifestyle factors
CREDIT: This is an edited version of an article that originally appeared on GOV.uk
The development of a groundbreaking ‘epigenetic map’ of the human genome promises to revolutionise our understanding of the root causes of diseases such as cancer, dementia and heart disease. This advancement could pave the way for significant breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment.
What is Epigenetics?
Epigenetics is a rapidly growing field that explores how inheritable traits, such as the likelihood of developing certain diseases, can arise and evolve without alterations to the DNA sequence itself. Instead, these traits result from modifications that influence how genes are expressed. These changes can occur spontaneously or be triggered by environmental factors like smoking or UV exposure.
A new resource for medical researchers is being developed through a strategic partnership between the government and healthcare researchers. This collaboration follows last year’s budget announcement, which included a £40 million investment over five years in a ‘Proof of Concept’ Fund to support spinouts – companies founded on university-owned academic research. A prominent life sciences company based in Oxford, will leverage its cutting-edge technology to perform genetic sequencing on 50,000 samples to extend research.
A Window into Root Causes
Advancing understanding of epigenetics could provide fresh insights into the root causes of diseases like cancer, which remains responsible for over one in four deaths in the UK. Recent research highlights the significant role of epigenetics in identifying the non-inherited factors that drive tumour growth and resistance, opening the door to more precise treatments and enhanced patient care. This progress could lead to innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, offering hope to millions living with such conditions and their families.
The growing understanding of epigenetics marks a transformative shift in how we approach complex diseases like cancer, dementia and heart disease. By uncovering the intricate mechanisms that regulate gene expression and identifying the environmental factors that influence them, researchers are paving the way for groundbreaking advancements in medicine.
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